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Long-term Ventilation is a method of providing breathing support to a person without the need for intubation (inserting a tube into the windpipe). Non-invasive Ventilation (NIV) uses a mask or similar device fitted over the nose, mouth, or both to deliver pressurised air or oxygen to help the person breathe.
Common Types of NIV:
CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure)
- Delivers constant pressure throughout the breathing cycle.
- Often used in sleep apnoea or mild respiratory distress.
BiPAP (Bilevel Positive Airway Pressure)
- Provides two pressure levels: higher during inhalation and lower during exhalation.
- Used in more serious conditions like COPD exacerbations or acute respiratory failure.
Tracheostomy Care refers to the daily cleaning, maintenance, and monitoring of a tracheostomy — a surgical opening made in the neck that provides an airway directly into the windpipe (trachea). An emergency tracheostomy change is performed when a tracheostomy tube is blocked, kinked, in the wrong position, or completely out of the stoma, causing respiratory distress.
Suctioning Care is a procedure used to remove secretions and clear the airway. There are two main types: oral suctioning and deep suctioning. Oral suctioning is less invasive and focuses on clearing secretions from the mouth using a Yankauer tube. In contrast, deep suctioning targets the throat or nasal passages by inserting a thin, flexible catheter further into the airway to remove mucus that the patient cannot cough up or swallow.
Cough Assist (short for cough assistance or mechanical insufflation-exsufflation) is a medical device or technique that helps people clear mucus from their lungs and airways when they cannot cough effectively on their own.
Dementia & Alzheimer’s Care refers to the specialised support and services provided to people living with dementia, a group of conditions characterised by a decline in memory, thinking, and reasoning skills that interfere with daily life.
Stroke is a medical emergency that happens when blood flow to a part of the brain is interrupted or reduced, preventing brain tissue from getting oxygen and nutrients. Without prompt treatment, brain cells begin to die within minutes. This can lead to communication difficulties, physical impairments and cognitive and/or behavioural changes.
Stoma Care is the management of a stoma, which is a surgically created opening on the body’s surface to allow waste (like urine or stool) to be diverted out of the body. Stomas are often created in the abdomen after surgeries involving the digestive or urinary system.
Palliative Care is specialised medical care focused on providing relief from the symptoms, pain, and stress of a serious illness, regardless of the diagnosis or stage of the disease. The goal is to improve quality of life for both the patient and their family.
Personal Care refers to the everyday tasks and activities that individuals perform to take care of their own hygiene, appearance, and comfort. It’s about maintaining cleanliness, health, and dignity in daily life.
Medication Administration and Management refers to the process of safely giving medicines to patients and ensuring that medications are used correctly to achieve the best possible health outcomes.
Bladder and Bowel Care refers to the management of urinary and faecal elimination to maintain health, prevent complications, and preserve dignity — especially in individuals who have difficulty controlling or emptying their bladder or bowels due to medical conditions, injury, or disability. A catheter is a tube placed in the bladder to drain urine into a bag for people with urine retention. An indwelling catheter is inserted into the bladder through the urethra. A suprapubic catheter is inserted through a small incision in the lower abdomen.
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